Use our free guide below to form a corporation in Alabama:
- Create a Name For Your Alabama Corporation
- Choose an Alabama Registered Agent
- Choose Your Alabama Corporation’s Initial Directors
- File a Certificate of Incorporation
- Get an EIN
Or, use a professional service:
Northwest ($29 + state fee)
How to Start an Alabama Corporation
Forming a corporation in Alabama is a simple process that is achieved by filing the Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State. In the guide below, we will show you step-by-step how to form a corporation in Alabama.
Step 1: Create a Name For Your Alabama Corporation
When naming your Alabama corporation, you will need to:
- Follow Alabama Name Requirements
- Complete a Name Search With the Alabama Secretary of State
- Consider Securing a Domain Name (URL)
To learn more, read our guide on How to Name a Business in Alabama.
Name Requirements
First, you will need to choose a name that complies with Alabama Secretary of State naming guidelines:
- You must reserve your corporation’s name online or by mail before registering it. Online filers can reserve their name at the time of registration, while mail-in filers must reserve their name at least two weeks prior to registration.
- Your name must contain the word “corporation,” “incorporated,” or an abbreviation of one of these terms. Exceptions include nonprofit corporations, banks, trust companies, savings and loan associations, and insurance companies.
- Any banking-related name needs a letter from the Alabama Banking Commissioner’s Office, and any insurance-related name needs a letter from the Alabama Insurance Commissioner’s Office.
- Any name using a professional designation in the name (i.e., engineering, attorney) requires a copy of the license of one officer/member or a letter from the governing agency allowing the use of the name without licensing.
- Your name must be different from any name on the record with the Secretary of State (words or abbreviations indicating the type of company such as LLC, Inc., etc. are not taken into account when determining distinguishability).
- Your name cannot include words that could confuse your corporation with a government agency (FBI, Treasury, State Department, etc.).
- Your name cannot include any words that indicate or imply that the corporation is engaged in a business that is not authorized by law to pursue.
For a detailed list of all naming guidelines, visit the Alabama corporation naming statute.
Name Search With the Alabama Secretary of State
You will need to check name availability by searching the business name database on the Alabama Secretary of State’s website.
This tool is also useful if you decide to register a trade name or DBA (Doing Business As) for your company. For detailed information about setting up a DBA for your Alabama corporation, check out our How to File a DBA in Alabama guide.
Name Reservation
In Alabama, you must reserve your business name before forming a corporation. This must be done at least two weeks prior to formation for mailed filings, but can be completed at the time of formation for online filings. Your business name can also be reserved for one year by filing a Name Reservation Request form with the Alabama Secretary of State.
The Name Reservation Request form can be filed online with the Alabama Secretary of State’s Online Services, or you can file the form by mail.
There is a $25 fee to file your Alabama Name Reservation Request form by mail, $27 online for Alabama Interactive subscribers, and $28 for non-subscribers.
Secure Domain Name
We recommend checking to see if your business name is available as a web domain (URL). Even if you don’t plan to make a business website today, you may want to buy the web address in order to prevent others from acquiring it. It’s free to search.
Need Help Naming Your Business?
Use our Corporation Name Generator to brainstorm your business’s perfect name. For more help, visit our free How to Name a Business guide. Then, create a logo with our free Logo Maker.
Step 2: Choose an Alabama Registered Agent
When you file your Alabama Certificate of Incorporation, you must give the name of your Alabama registered agent.
A registered agent is a person or entity that accepts tax documents and service of process on behalf of your LLC or corporation.
Who Can Be a Registered Agent? Your registered agent can be an individual, business entity, or professional registered agent service. A registered agent must:
- be 18 years or older
- have a physical address in the state where business activity is conducted
- always be available (in person) during normal business hours
Launch Your Corporation for Less
Northwest offers one year of free registered agent services with their corporation formation package ($29 + State Fees).
Get StartedStep 3: Choose Your Alabama Corporation’s Initial Directors
You must appoint at least one director who, among other things, will oversee your Alabama corporation until the first shareholder meeting.
The directors of a corporation are in charge of the adoption, amendment, and repeal of bylaws as well as the supervision, election, and removal of officers.
Later you will prepare an “Incorporator Statement” with complete names and addresses of each director and keep it in your corporate records book.
Step 4: File the Certificate of Incorporation
Now that you have chosen a registered agent and at least one director, it’s time to make your corporation official by filing the Certificate of Incorporation form. You will file with the Alabama Secretary of State. This document will disclose some basics of your business for the public record, including:
- Corporate name, address, and statement of purpose
- Corporate registered agent name, signature and street address
- Number of shares corporation is allowed to issue
- Directors’ names and street addresses
- Incorporators’ names and addresses
Filing Fee: $200
Filing Options
Submit the completed Certificate of Incorporation (one signed original, one copy, and a name reservation form), along with the filing fee, using one of two options:
Mail:
Secretary of State, Business Services
P.O. Box 5616
Montgomery, AL 36103-5616
Online: Alabama Secretary of State Online Services
Step 5: Get an EIN
The Employer Identification Number (EIN), or Federal Tax Identification Number, is used to identify a business entity. It is essentially a social security number for the company.
Why do I need an EIN? An EIN is required for the following:
- To open a business bank account for the company
- For Federal and State tax purposes
- To hire employees for the company
Where do I get an EIN? An EIN is obtained from the IRS (free of charge) by the business owner after forming the company. This can be done online or by mail.
To learn more about EINs, read our What is an EIN guide.
Alabama Corporation Operating Procedures & Housekeeping
Set Up a Corporate Records Book
Think of this as the hard-copy record book where all critical corporate documents are kept, like your Certificate of Incorporation, bylaws, meeting minutes, stock certificate ledger, stock transfer documents, etc.
You should keep the corporate records book at your principal location. Corporate records book kits can be purchased online, or you can use a large generic binder to store your records.
Prepare Bylaws for Your Alabama Corporation
Bylaws are the rules that determine how your organization will be governed and run.
You can think about it as a constitution for your corporation. It makes the rules and priorities clear for everyone involved.
In your bylaws, be sure to include:
- How the corporation will be governed – the role of directors and officers
- How meetings are held, voting procedures, electing officers or directors
- How records will be kept and managed
- How disputes will be handled
- How bylaws will be added/amended in the future
NOTE: A corporation’s bylaws will supplement any rules set forth by the federal government or the state.
Ready to get started? Check out these bylaws templates which you can customize to suit the needs of your incorporated business.
Conduct Your First Board of Directors Meeting
An organizational meeting is the first official meeting of your corporation.
These are some of the things that are discussed in a typical organizational meeting:
- Taking attendance to show you have a quorum (minimum number needed)
- Appointing temporary officers, chairmen, secretary, etc.
- Adoption of the bylaws
- Adoption of conflict of interest policy
Don’t forget to record “minutes” of the meeting and have it signed by all attending directors. Here are some corporate minutes templates to help you get the ball rolling.
Protect Your Assets and Stay Compliant
In order to protect your assets and stay compliant after you start your Alabama corporation, you will need to:
- Open a Business Bank Account
- Establish and Build Your Business Credit Score
- Accounting For Your Corporation
- Research Business License Requirements
Open a Bank Account for Your Alabama Corporation
There are two critical reasons to open a unique corporate bank account.
The first is that separating your personal assets from your business assets adds another layer of protection in the event that your business is sued.
The second is that syncing a single account with business accounting software will make managing your finances much easier.
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Learn MoreEstablish and Build Your Business Credit Score
Building business credit involves a number of factors, including establishing your business’s fundability, getting listed with the most important business credit agencies, and establishing credit lines while keeping them in good standing to build your score.
A good business credit score can help with many things, including credit cards that are issued in your business’s name instead of depending on your personal credit score, better interest rates on loans, higher lines of credit, and more.
All of these factors help protect your personal assets by making your business the entity responsible for the liability instead of yourself.
Accounting for Your Corporation
It’s important to get your books in order, even if you haven’t officially opened for business. A well-managed accounting system will help you:
- Track your business finances, including bills, expenses, and income.
- Simplify and file your annual taxes.
You can maintain your accounting in two ways:
- Use a DIY accounting software. This can come with an increased risk of errors especially when starting a new business.
- Hire an accounting service. They can provide comprehensive advice to help optimize your bookkeeping and taxes as well as additional services such as payroll etc.
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Learn MoreGet Insurance for Your Alabama Corporation
The next step is to protect your corporation by getting business insurance. Depending on the type of corporation you’re operating, your insurance requirements and needs may vary.
So, what is business insurance exactly? Business insurance protects your corporation’s assets from losses that can happen naturally while doing business, such as property damage or lawsuits.
To learn more about the exact type of business insurance your corporation will need, visit our When to Get Insurance for Your New Business guide.
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Learn MoreResearch Business License Requirements
To operate your corporation, you must comply with federal, state, and local government regulations. The details of business licenses and permits vary from state to state, so make sure to research carefully and plan accordingly.
Find out how to obtain necessary licenses and permits for your business or have a professional business licensing service do it for you:
- Federal: Use the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) guide.
- State: Use the Alabama Department of Revenue’s website.
- Local: Contact your local county clerk and ask about local licenses and permits.
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Learn MoreWhat is an S Corporation?
An S corporation (S corp) is an incorporated business that is taxed as a pass-through entity. This means that S corps do not pay federal taxes on their business income. Instead, the business profits “pass-through” to the owners of the S corp, who are also known as shareholders. Then, the shareholders pay income tax and report their share of the profits in the form of salaries on their individual tax returns, which are then taxed.
In order to elect an S corporation status for tax purposes, corporations will need to file form 2553 Election by a Small Business Corporation. The form must be signed by all shareholders and must be filed within two months and 15 days after the start of the initial tax year.
To learn more, read our What is an S corporation guide.
Quick Links
Alabama Interactive Online Business Filing
Alabama Department of Revenue’s Starting a Business Guide